1. A declaration of disavowal from Allah and His Messenger, to the idolaters with whom you had made a treaty.

2. Travel freely throughout the land for four months, but know that you cannot escape Allah, and that Allah will surely disgrace the disbelievers.

3. And a proclamation from Allah and His Messenger, to all people on the day of the Great Pilgrimage: Allah and His Messenger disown the idolaters. If you repent, it will be better for you. But if you turn away, know that you cannot escape Allah. Give those who reject the truth the news of a painful punishment.

4. Except those idolaters with whom you made treaties, who have not broken their promises, nor supported anyone against you — fulfill your agreements with them until their term ends. Allah loves those who are mindful of Him.

5. When the sacred months have passed, then fight the idolaters wherever you find them, seize them, besiege them, and wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they repent, establish prayer, and give charity, then let them go their way. Allah is truly Forgiving, Merciful.

6. If any of the idolaters seeks your protection, grant him protection, so that he may hear the word of Allah, then escort him to a place of safety. This is because they are a people who do not know.

7. How can there be a treaty with Allah and His Messenger for the idolaters, except those with whom you made agreements at the Sacred Mosque? As long as they remain true to you, remain true to them. Allah loves those who are mindful of Him.

8. How can there be trust, when if they gain the upper hand over you, they will respect neither kinship nor treaty? They please you with their words, but their hearts refuse, and most of them are defiantly disobedient.

9. They have traded Allah's revelations for a small price, turning others away from His path. Truly, evil is what they have done.

10. They respect neither kinship nor treaty with any believer. It is they who are the transgressors.

11. Yet if they repent, establish prayer, and give charity, then they are your brothers in faith. We clearly explain the revelations for people who understand.

12. But if they break their oaths after making a treaty, and openly insult your religion, then fight the leaders of disbelief — truly, their oaths mean nothing — so that they may stop.

13. Will you not fight against people who broke their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and attacked you first? Do you fear them? Allah has more right to be feared, if you are truly believers.

14. Fight them — Allah will punish them by your hands, disgrace them, grant you victory over them, and soothe the hearts of believing people.

15. He will remove the anger from their hearts. Allah accepts the repentance of whomever He wills, and Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

16. Did you think you would be left alone, until Allah makes evident those among you who strive, and who take no confidants apart from Allah, His Messenger, and the believers? Allah is fully aware of all that you do.

17. It is not fitting for those who associate others with Allah, to maintain the mosques of Allah, while openly testifying to their own disbelief. Their deeds have become worthless, and they will remain forever in the Fire.

18. Only those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, establish prayer, give charity, and fear none but Allah, should maintain the mosques of Allah. These are the ones who may truly be guided.

19. Do you consider providing water to pilgrims, and maintaining the Sacred Mosque, equal to believing in Allah and the Last Day and striving in Allah's path? They are not equal in Allah's sight. Allah does not guide unjust people.

20. Those who believe, migrate, and strive in Allah's path with their wealth and their lives, hold a far greater rank with Allah. They are the ones who will truly succeed.

21. Their Lord gives them glad tidings of mercy from Him, His good pleasure, and Gardens where they will enjoy everlasting delight.

22. Remaining there forever. Truly, with Allah is an immense reward.

23. O you who believe, do not take your fathers and brothers as allies, if they prefer disbelief over faith. Whoever among you takes them as allies — those are the wrongdoers.

24. Say, "If your fathers, your children, your brothers, your spouses, your relatives, the wealth you have earned, the trade you fear will decline, and the homes you cherish, are dearer to you than Allah, His Messenger, and striving in His path, then wait until Allah brings about His command. Allah does not guide rebellious people."

25. Certainly, Allah has helped you on many occasions — and on the day of Hunayn, when your great numbers pleased you, yet they availed you nothing. The earth, despite its vastness, felt narrow to you, and you turned away in retreat.

26. Then Allah sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger, and upon the believers, and He sent down forces you could not see, and He punished those who disbelieved. That is the recompense of the disbelievers.

27. Afterward, Allah accepts the repentance of whomever He wills. Allah is truly Forgiving, Merciful.

28. O you who believe, the idolaters are impure, so let them not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year. If you fear poverty, Allah will soon enrich you from His bounty, if He wills. Allah is All-Knowing, Wise.

29. Fight those among the People of the Book, who do not believe in Allah or the Last Day, nor forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, nor follow the religion of truth, until they pay the tax while humbled.

30. The Jews say, "Ezra is the son of Allah," and the Christians say, "The Messiah is the son of Allah." These are merely words from their mouths, resembling the claims of those who disbelieved before. May Allah destroy them! How deluded they are!

31. They have taken their rabbis and monks, and the Messiah, son of Mary, as lords besides Allah — yet they were commanded to worship only one God. There is no god but Him. Glory be to Him, far above what they associate with Him!

32. They wish to extinguish Allah's light with their mouths, but Allah refuses except to perfect His light, even if the disbelievers hate it.

33. He is the One Who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, to make it prevail over all other religions, even if the idolaters hate it.

34. O you who believe, many rabbis and monks unjustly consume people's wealth, and turn others away from Allah's path. As for those who hoard gold and silver, and do not spend it in Allah's cause — give them the news of a painful punishment.

35. On the Day when their treasure will be heated in the fire of Hell, and their foreheads, sides, and backs branded with it, it will be said to them, "This is what you hoarded for yourselves — now taste what you used to hoard!"

36. The number of months ordained by Allah is twelve, as decreed by Allah on the day He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred. This is the upright religion, so do not wrong yourselves during these months. And fight the idolaters altogether, just as they fight you altogether. And know that Allah is with those mindful of Him.

37. Postponing sacred months is only an increase in disbelief, by which those who disbelieve are led further astray. They declare it lawful one year, and unlawful another, to match the number of months Allah has made sacred, thus permitting what Allah has forbidden. Their evil deeds have been made appealing to them. Allah does not guide those who reject the truth.

38. O you who believe, what is the matter with you? When you are called to march forth in Allah's cause, you cling heavily to the earth. Do you prefer this worldly life over the Hereafter? Yet the enjoyment of this worldly life, compared to the Hereafter, is very small.

39. If you do not march forth, He will punish you severely, and replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him in the least. Allah has power over all things.

40. If you do not support him, Allah has already supported him, when the disbelievers drove him out — as one of two — when they were both in the cave, and he said to his companion, "Do not grieve; Allah is with us." Then Allah sent down His tranquility upon him, supported him with soldiers you did not see, and made the word of the disbelievers lowest, while Allah's word is supreme. Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.

41. March forth, whether lightly or heavily equipped, and strive with your wealth and your lives in Allah's cause. That is best for you, if only you knew.

42. Had the gain been near, and the journey easy, they would have surely followed you. But the distance seemed too far for them. They will swear by Allah, "If we had been able, we would have gone out with you," they destroy themselves. Allah knows well that they are lying.

43. Allah has pardoned you. Why did you grant them permission, before it became clear to you who spoke the truth, and before you knew who were lying?

44. Those who truly believe in Allah and the Last Day, do not ask your permission to strive with their wealth and their lives. Allah fully knows those who are mindful of Him.

45. Only those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day ask your permission. Their hearts are filled with doubt, and in their doubt they waver.

46. Had they truly intended to march forth, they would have prepared for it. But Allah disliked their going forth, so He held them back, and it was said, "Stay behind with those who remain."

47. Had they marched out with you, they would have only increased disorder among you, rushing about in your midst, seeking to stir up trouble. And among you are those who would eagerly listen to them. Allah fully knows the wrongdoers.

48. They sought to stir up trouble before, and turned matters upside down for you, until the truth came and Allah's command prevailed, though they hated it.

49. Among them are those who say, "Allow me to stay behind, and do not put me to trial." Yet they have already fallen into trial, and Hell surrounds the unbelievers.

50. If something good happens to you, it grieves them; but if misfortune strikes you, they say, "We took precautions beforehand," and they turn away rejoicing.

51. Say, "Nothing will ever happen to us, except what Allah has decreed for us. He is our Protector, and in Allah alone let the believers place their trust."

52. Say, "Are you waiting for anything to happen to us, other than one of two excellent outcomes? But we are waiting for Allah to afflict you with punishment from Himself, or at our hands. So wait — we are waiting with you."

53. Say, "Whether you give willingly or unwillingly, it will never be accepted from you, because you are rebellious people."

54. Nothing prevents their contributions from being accepted, except that they reject Allah and His Messenger, come to prayer only lazily, and give charity only grudgingly.

55. So do not let their wealth or their children impress you. Allah intends only to punish them through these things in this worldly life, and that their souls depart while they are still disbelievers.

56. They swear by Allah that they are truly with you, but they are not with you. Rather, they are people who are afraid.

57. If they could find a refuge, caves, or any hiding place, they would rush toward it, desperately.

58. Among them are those who criticize you regarding charity. If they are given some of it, they are pleased; but if they are not given, they become resentful.

59. If only they had been content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them, and said, "Allah is sufficient for us; Allah will grant us from His bounty, and so will His Messenger. It is to Allah that we turn with hope."

60. Charitable offerings are meant only for the poor and needy, those who administer them, those whose hearts are to be reconciled, for freeing captives, for those burdened by debt, for Allah's cause, and for the traveler in need. This is an obligation from Allah, and Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

61. Among them are those who hurt the Prophet, and say, "He listens to everyone." Say, "He listens for your own good. He believes in Allah, believes the believers, and is a mercy to those among you who believe." Those who offend Allah's Messenger, will have a painful punishment.

62. They swear by Allah to you, seeking to please you. But Allah and His Messenger have a greater right that they should please Him, if they are truly believers.

63. Do they not realize that whoever opposes Allah and His Messenger, will have the Fire of Hell, remaining there forever? That is the ultimate disgrace.

64. The hypocrites fear that a chapter might be revealed about them, exposing what lies hidden in their hearts. Say, "Keep mocking — Allah will surely bring to light what you dread."

65. If you question them, they will surely say, "We were only joking and playing around." Say, "Were you mocking Allah, His revelations, and His Messenger?"

66. Make no excuses — you have rejected faith after believing. Even if We pardon some among you, We will punish others, because they were criminals.

67. Hypocrite men and women are all alike: they encourage wrongdoing, forbid what is right, and they withhold their hands. They forgot Allah, so He has forgotten them. Truly, the hypocrites are the rebellious ones.

68. Allah has promised the hypocrite men and women, and those who reject the truth, the fire of Hell, where they will remain forever. It is enough for them. Allah has cursed them, and theirs will be a lasting torment.

69. You are just like those before you — they were stronger than you, had more wealth and children, and enjoyed their share of worldly pleasures. You have enjoyed your share, just as those before you enjoyed theirs, and you have indulged in vain talk, as they did. Their deeds have come to nothing, in this world and in the Hereafter, and they are the true losers.

70. Hasn't the news reached them about those who came before — the people of Noah, Aad, Thamud, Abraham's people, the people of Midian, and the overturned cities? Their messengers came to them with clear proofs. Allah did not wrong them; rather, they wronged themselves.

71. The believing men and women are allies of one another. They encourage what is right, forbid what is wrong, establish prayer, give charity, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah will surely show them mercy. Truly, Allah is Almighty, Wise.

72. Allah has promised the believing men and women gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will remain forever, and beautiful dwellings in Gardens of Eternity. Yet Allah's pleasure is even greater — that is the supreme triumph.

73. O Prophet, strive against the unbelievers and the hypocrites, and be firm with them. Their home will be Hell — what a miserable destination!

74. They swear by Allah that they said nothing wrong, yet they uttered words of disbelief, and they rejected faith after accepting Islam. They plotted what they could not achieve, and they resented only because Allah and His Messenger enriched them from His bounty. If they repent, it will be better for them. But if they turn away, Allah will punish them severely in this world and the Hereafter, and they will have neither protector nor helper on earth.

75. Among them are those who made a promise to Allah: "If He grants us from His bounty, we will surely give charity, and become truly righteous."

76. Yet when He gave them from His bounty, they became stingy, turned away, and stubbornly refused.

77. So He placed hypocrisy in their hearts, until the Day they meet Him, because they broke their promise to Allah, and because they kept lying.

78. Do they not realize that Allah knows their secrets, and their private conversations, and that Allah fully knows all unseen things?

79. Those who mock the believers who willingly give charity, and ridicule those who have nothing to offer except their best effort — Allah mocks them, and they will suffer a painful punishment.

80. Whether you ask forgiveness for them or not — even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times — Allah will never forgive them. This is because they rejected Allah and His Messenger, and Allah does not guide rebellious people.

81. Those who stayed behind rejoiced at remaining behind Allah's Messenger. They disliked striving with their wealth and their lives in Allah's cause, and said, "Do not march out in this heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is far hotter," if only they understood.

82. Let them laugh a little, and weep much, as a recompense for what they used to earn.

83. If Allah brings you back to a group of them, and they ask your permission to go out with you, say, "You will never go out with me, nor will you ever fight an enemy alongside me. You chose to stay behind the first time, so remain with those who stay behind."

84. Never pray over any of them who dies, nor stand at his grave. They rejected Allah and His Messenger, and died defiantly disobedient.

85. Do not let their wealth or their children impress you. Allah only intends to punish them through these things in this world, and their souls depart while they are disbelievers.

86. Whenever a chapter is revealed, commanding, "Believe in Allah and strive alongside His Messenger," the wealthy among them ask your permission, saying, "Let us stay behind with those who remain."

87. They are content to remain behind with those who stay back. Their hearts have been sealed, so they do not understand.

88. But the Messenger and those who believe with him, strive with their wealth and their lives. All good things await them, and they are the ones who will truly succeed.

89. Allah has prepared for them Gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will remain forever. That is the supreme triumph.

90. Some desert Arabs came with excuses, seeking permission to stay behind, while those who lied to Allah and His Messenger simply stayed back. A painful punishment will surely strike those among them who disbelieved.

91. There is no blame on the weak, the sick, or those who have no means to spend, if they are sincere to Allah and His Messenger. There is no reason to blame those who do good — Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

92. Nor is there blame on those who came to you, asking you to provide them with mounts, and you said, "I have nothing to carry you on." They turned away, their eyes overflowing with tears of sorrow, because they had nothing to contribute.

93. There is blame only upon those who ask your permission to stay behind, even though they are wealthy. They are content to remain with those who stay back. Allah has sealed their hearts, so they do not understand.

94. They will offer excuses to you when you return to them. Say, "Make no excuses — we will never believe you. Allah has already informed us about you. Allah and His Messenger will see your deeds, then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you of what you used to do."

95. When you return to them, they will swear by Allah to you, hoping you will leave them alone. So leave them alone — they are impure, and their home will be Hell, a fitting repayment for what they have earned.

96. They swear to you, hoping you will be pleased with them. Even if you are pleased with them, Allah will never be pleased with those who defiantly disobey.

97. The desert Arabs are more intense in disbelief and hypocrisy, and most likely not to understand the limits of what Allah has revealed to His Messenger. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

98. Among the desert Arabs are those who consider what they spend as a burdensome loss, and they eagerly await misfortune to befall you. May misfortune surround them instead — Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

99. Yet among the desert Arabs are those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, and regard what they spend as a means of drawing closer to Allah, and receiving the Messenger's prayers. Surely, it will bring them closer — Allah will admit them into His mercy. Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

100. As for the first and foremost — the emigrants, the helpers, and those who followed them in goodness — Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. He has prepared for them Gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will remain forever. That is the supreme triumph.

101. Among the desert Arabs around you, are hypocrites, and among the people of Medina as well. They have grown stubborn in hypocrisy. You do not know them, but We know them. We will punish them twice, then they will be returned to a terrible punishment.

102. Others have confessed their sins, mixing righteous deeds with wrong ones. Allah may yet accept their repentance, for Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

103. Take charity from their wealth, to cleanse them and purify them, and pray for them — your prayer is tranquility for them. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

104. Do they not know that it is Allah Who accepts repentance from His servants, and receives their charity, and that Allah alone is the Ever-Accepting of Repentance, the Most Merciful?

105. Say, "Act, for Allah will see your deeds, as will His Messenger and the believers. Then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you of all you used to do."

106. And there are others whose case is deferred to Allah's decree — He may punish them, or He may accept their repentance. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

107. There are those who built a mosque to cause harm, disbelief, and division among the believers, and as a base for those who previously fought against Allah and His Messenger. They will swear, "We intended nothing but good," but Allah testifies that they are certainly liars.

108. Never stand in it. A mosque founded upon reverence from the very first day, is far worthier for you to stand in. In it are people who love to purify themselves, and Allah loves those who purify themselves.

109. Which is better: the one who lays the foundation of his building upon reverence for Allah and His good pleasure, or the one who builds upon the edge of a crumbling cliff, so that it collapses with him into the fire of Hell? Allah does not guide those who do wrong.

110. The building they constructed will remain a source of doubt in their hearts, until their hearts are torn apart. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

111. Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their wealth, in exchange for Paradise. They fight in Allah's cause, killing and being killed. This is a true promise binding upon Him in the Torah, the Gospel, and the Quran. Who fulfills his promises better than Allah? So rejoice in the bargain you have made — that is the supreme triumph.

112. Those who repent, who worship devotedly, who praise Allah, who journey, who bow and prostrate themselves, who encourage what is right and forbid what is wrong, and who carefully observe Allah's limits — give glad tidings to the believers.

113. It is not fitting for the Prophet, and those who believe, to seek forgiveness for those who associate others with Allah — even if they are close relatives — after it has become clear to them that they are companions of the Hellfire.

114. Abraham's seeking forgiveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to Abraham that his father was an enemy of Allah, he disassociated himself from him. Abraham was tenderhearted and forbearing.

115. Allah would never lead a people astray, after guiding them, until He clearly shows them what they must avoid. Allah has full knowledge of all things.

116. To Allah alone belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. He gives life and causes death. Apart from Allah, you have neither protector nor helper.

117. Allah has turned in mercy toward the Prophet, the Emigrants, and the Helpers who stood by him in the hour of hardship, after the hearts of a group among them nearly deviated. Then He accepted their repentance. He is Most Kind, and Most Merciful toward them.

118. And toward the three who were left behind — until the earth, despite its vastness, closed in on them, and their own souls felt constricted, and they realized there was no refuge from Allah, except in Him. Then He turned to them in mercy, so that they would repent. Truly, Allah is the Ever-Accepting of repentance, the Most Merciful.

119. O you who believe, fear Allah, and be with those who are truthful.

120. It was not proper for the people of Medina, and the Bedouins around them, to stay behind from Allah's Messenger, nor to prefer themselves over him. This is because whenever they suffer thirst, fatigue, or hunger in Allah's cause, or take any step that angers the disbelievers, or inflict any loss upon an enemy, it is recorded for them as a righteous deed. Allah never lets the reward of those who do good go to waste.

121. Nor do they spend anything, small or large, nor cross any valley, without it being recorded for them, so that Allah may reward them according to the best of their deeds.

122. It is not for the believers to go forth all together. Rather, from each community, let a group set out to gain deeper understanding of the religion, so they may warn their people when they return, that they might remain cautious.

123. O you who believe, fight those disbelievers who are nearest to you, and let them find severity in you. Know that Allah is with those who are mindful of Him.

124. Whenever a chapter is revealed, some among them say, "Which of you has this increased in faith?" As for those who believe, it strengthens their faith, and they rejoice.

125. But as for those whose hearts are diseased, it only adds impurity to their impurity, and they die as disbelievers.

126. Do they not see that they are tested once or twice every year? Yet they neither repent nor take heed.

127. Whenever a chapter is revealed, they glance at one another, saying, "Does anyone see you?" Then they slip away. Allah has turned their hearts away, for they are a people who do not understand.

128. A Messenger has come to you from among yourselves. Your suffering weighs heavily upon him; he deeply cares for you. And toward the believers, he is compassionate and merciful.

129. But if they turn away, say, "Allah is enough for me; there is no god except Him. In Him I put my trust, and He is the Lord of the mighty Throne."